
Aesthetic and technical capabilities of facade design have become seemingly endless as building technologies progress. While the capacity to address
Today, about 40% of all buildings in the U.S. still have single-pane windows, and ~70% of the existing building stock is estimated to suffer from
Curtain walls and window walls are typically specified to meet a variety of different performance and testing criteria, some of which can be quite
What was once an accepted reality in heat-treated exterior glass, optical disturbances in glass are under increasing scrutiny by developers,
This paper will explore steel forming methods other than cold drawn or hot rolled processes, and how they allow steel to be utilized as the primary
We construct building enclosures to keep the elements out, but sometimes air and water infiltrate the building envelope, causing several problems for
The conventional modern facade is essentially flat, which creates the tendency toward visual monotony and problems for modulating daylight—both on
Architecture has traditionally celebrated the joining of two building components or materials. Joinery serves as a key site for architectural
Mies van der Rohe’s concurrently designed projects for Commonwealth Promenade Apartments (1953-1956) and the Esplanade Apartments (1953-1957), saw
Shanshui City and Star Bund Center can be considered as representative projects of RFR Shanghai recently Both provide creative solutions for complex
In the very earliest stages of a design, an architect imagines a unique glazed facade form and wonders, “Is this possible?” and “What will it cost?”
The envelope of the Harbin Bank Building in Beijing has a Multi-Skin Facade where the outer cavity is naturally ventilated. During the design the