Kinetic Shading Systems
A Parametric Approach to Optimizing Daylighting Performance
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Overview
Abstract
This study focuses on experiments in kinetics and architectural skins. More extensively, it introduces a solution for environmental design issues and daylighting optimizations for kinetic facades. This work explains how dynamic geometry can be inspired from a biomimetic design, as well as the ways in which the selection of appropriate strategies from nature can be used to design dynamic geometries for kinetic facades that reduce the artificial lighting load.
The first step in this research, after creating a dynamic shading geometry, was to develop a research map for understanding the optimization steps for dynamic geometries and ways of determining the variable parameters that affect lighting. This helped us to understand the relationship between the variables in dynamic geometry and daylighting as a design factor. Therefore, this work discusses the way to adjust these variables based on the angle of the sun, in order to receive and absorb the desired daylight reaching workspaces throughout the year.
In this study, dynamic shading was applied to an office building in Houston, Texas, with a fully-glazed steel frame on both the southern and western facades, and dynamic geometry only on the southern facade. The experiment focused on optimizing the daylighting performance by using various integrated software to modify the design and motion of the kinetic facades.
The dynamic geometry simulations were carried out with the Rhinoceros and Grasshopper software packages. The geometry of the dynamic shading device was optimized by adjusting the angle and size of the opening through Galapagos for Grasshopper. Daylight use was measured by DIVA and the sun’s radiation was analyzed in Ladybug for Grasshopper. Subsequently, the outcomes were compared to a base case with no shading. The results showed significant improvement in terms of the useful daylight illuminance values. Hence, the main parameters were recognized as the dominant constraints that could affect the daylighting performance of the indoor working space. In the meanwhile, the dynamic geometry of the “opening angle” was one of the parameters effective in creating a balance between the spatial daylight autonomy and the annual sun exposure of the indoor working space.
Authors
Alireza Jahanara
Texas A&M University
alireza.jahanara@uniroma1.it
Negar Kalantar
Texas A&M University
kalantar@tamu.edu
Keywords
Introduction
Daylighting devices are important components of any regular climate-responsive façade system. However, the evolution of parametric CAD systems that impact both architectural and regular forms has shifted to a focus
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Background
Parametric Design and Margining Variables
Parametric modeling offers a holistic control for design objects in all processes. The algorithm uses its core method of generation to produce a series
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Biomimetic Strategy for Managing Light
While facade designs that focus only on the grade, immovable shading, and solar panels are widespread, increasing research on the structures of kinetic geometries that imitate biometrics have proven that
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Method
This research presents a method for optimizing a façade design system’s devices for controlling daylighting performance in buildings. It is divided into three main sections, as follows:
Data input,Process, andOutputAccess Restricted
Data Input
There is a need for basic research on this topic, especially that which evaluates the performance of the system. This includes an understanding of the static and dynamic variables and
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Process
Model simulations and daylighting are included here. A parametric model for both indicators is elaborated upon below, based on a realistic representation of the building that considered the physical and
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Data
The case study location was chosen to be Houston, Texas (Fig. 4). The south façade of the office building space was selected for investigating the dynamic geometry. The dynamic geometry
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Daylighting Simulation Methodology
The simulation was conducted using the DIVA for Grasshopper plug-in for the Rhinoceros modeling software. The Radiance interface and Daysim were used for the annual simulation and illuminance computations. A
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Base Case Simulation Results
Daylighting availability was analyzed for the base case’s southern-facing orientations. Overly lit areas reached 44% in July and 57% in December. However, no partially daylit areas were found in the
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Application of Dynamic Parametric Shading Devices
The concept for the dynamic façade's geometry was influenced by the adaptive morphology of the Carne lily (or Bird of Paradise plant). This flower reacts to the sun by changing
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Relationship Between the Sun's Radiation and the Dynamic Facade's Design
Sun radiation analysis with dynamic shading devices in the south side of façade on July 21st from 9am to 2pm.
Sun radiation analysis with dynamic shading devices in the south
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Explanation
Based on the design objective, this research using Grasshopper, a plug-in for the Rhinoceros modeling software. Grasshopper allows a designer to parametrically change the model because each design parameter is
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Conclusion and Future Work
Combining parametric design with evolutionary optimization is a valid strategy for exploring solutions to the environmental performance problems of buildings. A comprehensive setting for the design problem and further improvement
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Rights and Permissions
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